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Daf prep · Bekhorot 28 · בכורות כ״ח
Before you learn Bekhorot 28
Where we left off
Rav derived eating a firstborn over two days and one night from the Torah. The school of Rav now challenges his derivation as the sugya continues onto this daf.
The question going in
From where are firstborn halakhot derived, and who pays when a judge or examiner errs?
Know before you start
- דוקין שבעין (corneal eye films): These eye blemishes can alter their appearance after slaughter due to death spasms. Post-mortem inspection cannot determine whether they were permanent during the animal's lifetime.
- מומחה לבית דין (court-certified expert): An examiner or judge authorized by the bet din is exempt from liability if he errs.
- נשא ונתן ביד (direct physical action): This occurs when a judge physically transfers disputed property with his own hands. Liability for an erroneous judgment applies when the judge causes damage through direct physical execution.
Who's who
- Rabbi Meir (רבי מאיר, Tanna): He prohibits consuming a firstborn slaughtered without prior examination by an expert.
- Rabbi Yehuda (רבי יהודה, Tanna): He permits a firstborn whose bodily blemish is verified by an expert after slaughter.
- Rabbi Tarfon (רבי טרפון, Tanna): He mistakenly ruled a cow without a womb non-kosher and thought he had to pay.
- Rabbi Akiva (רבי עקיבא, Tanna): He exempted Rabbi Tarfon because court-appointed experts are shielded from paying damages.