Bekhorot 34: words to know

יֵשׁ אֵם לַמִּקְרָא (yesh em lamikra): the vocalization of the Torah text is authoritative. The Gemara questions whether Rabbi Eliezer bases his derivations on the vocalization rather than the spelling.
דָּבָר שֶׁאֵין מִתְכַּוֵּין (davar she'ein mitkavein): an unintentional act with an unintended forbidden consequence. The Gemara asks why Shmuel needed to state that letting blood is permitted, as he already permits unintentional acts.
לְמַאי נָפְקָא מִינַּהּ (lemai nafka minah): what is the practical difference between them?. The Gemara asks what practical difference results from the two possible readings of Rabbi Eliezer's statement.
תֵּיקוּ (teiku): let it stand; the dilemma remains unresolved. Marks the unresolved conclusion of Rav Pappa's textual question regarding the reading of the mishna.
אִם תִּימְצֵי לוֹמַר (im timtzei lomar): if you wish to say; if you say. Introduces a potential precedent to see if the son inherits a rabbinic penalty.