Bekhorot 35: words to know

הֶיזֵּק שֶׁאֵינוֹ נִיכָּר (hezek she'eino nikar): invisible damage. Used to explain why the rabbinic penalty for defiling pure food is not collected from an heir.
גְּרָמָא (gerama): indirect causation. Identified as an indirect act included under the prohibition of deliberately causing a blemish.
מֵסִיחַ לְפִי תוּמּוֹ (mesi'aḥ lefi tumo): speaking casually or offhandedly. Explains why a firstborn blemished by a gentile who learned its status through casual conversation remains permitted.
הֶחָשׁוּד עַל הַדֶּבֶר (heḥashud al hadevar): one suspected regarding a specific matter. Rabbi Meir disqualifies such a person from judging or testifying concerning that matter.
אִשְׁתּוֹ כְּגוּפוֹ (ishto kegufo): one's wife is considered like himself. Used as the reason why a priest's wife may not testify that his firstborn was naturally blemished.